Yahweh

Yahweh là vị thần quốc gia của vương quốc thời kỳ đồ sắt Israel (Samaria) và Judah. Nguồn gốc chính xác của ông còn đang được tranh cãi, mặc dù thời điểm xuất hiện của ông trải dài từ thời kỳ đồ sắt sớm và thậm chí là thời kỳ cuối của thời kỳ đồ đồng: tên của ông có thể đã bắt đầu như một biểu tượng của El, người đứng đầu thời đại đồ đồng Ca-na-an, nhưng những đề cập đáng tin cậy sớm nhất của Yahweh là trong các bản văn Ai Cập, ám chỉ đến một tên gọi tương tự có liên quan đến những người du mục Shasu ở miền nam Transjordan.

Sách tham khảo

• Ackerman, Susan (2003). “Goddesses”. Trong Richard, Suzanne. Near Eastern Archaeology:A Reader. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-083-5. 
• Ahlström, Gösta Werner (1991). “The Role of Archaeological and Literary Remains in Reconstructing Israel's History”. Trong Edelman, Diana Vikander. The Fabric of History: Text, Artifact and Israel's Past. A&C Black. ISBN 9780567491107. 
• Ahlström, Gösta Werner (1993). The History of Ancient Palestine. Fortress Press. ISBN 978-0-8006-2770-6. 
• Albertz, Rainer (1994). A History of Israelite Religion, Volume I: From the Beginnings to the End of the Monarchy. Westminster John Knox. ISBN 9780664227197. 
• Allen, Spencer L. (2015). The Splintered Divine: A Study of Istar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the Ancient Near East. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9781501500220. 
• Anderson, James S. (2015). Monotheism and Yahweh's Appropriation of Baal. Bloomsbury. ISBN 9780567663962. 
• Barker, Margaret (1992). The Great Angel: A Study of Israel's Second God. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664253950. 
• Barker, Margaret (2012), The Lady in the Temple, The Mother of the Lord 1, Luân Đôn, England: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, ISBN 978-0567362469 
• Becking, Bob (2001). “The Gods in Whom They Trusted”. Trong Becking, Bob. Only One God?: Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah. A&C Black. ISBN 9780567232120. 
• Bennett, Harold V. (2002). Injustice Made Legal: Deuteronomic Law and the Plight of Widows, Strangers, and Orphans in Ancient Israel. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802839091. 
• Berquist, Jon L. (2007). Approaching Yehud: New Approaches to the Study of the Persian Period. SBL Press. ISBN 9781589831452. 
• Betz, Arnold Gottfried (2000). “Monotheism”. Trong Freedman, David Noel; Myer, Allen C. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9053565035. 
• Betz, Hans Dieter (1996). The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation Including the Demonic Spells (ấn bản 2). Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0226044477. 
• Chalmers, Aaron (2012). Exploring the Religion of Ancient Israel: Prophet, Priest, Sage and People. SPCK. ISBN 9780281069002. 
• Arnold, Clinton E. (1996). The Colossian Syncretism: The Interface Between Christianity and Folk Belief at Colossae. Eugene, Oregon: Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-1-4982-1757-6. 
• Cohen, Shaye J.D. (1999). “The Temple and the Synagogue”. Trong Finkelstein, Louis; Davies, W. D.; Horbury, William. The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 3, The Early Roman Period. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521243773. 
• Cohn, Norman (2001). Cosmos, Chaos, and the World to Come: The Ancient Roots of Apocalyptic Faith. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300090889. 
• Collins, John J. (2005). The Bible After Babel: Historical Criticism in a Postmodern Age. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802828927. 
• Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann (2007). “Editors' Introduction”. Trong Coogan, Michael David; Brettler, Marc Zvi; Newsom, Carol Ann. The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195288803. 
• Coogan, Michael D.; Smith, Mark S. (2012). Stories from Ancient Canaan (2nd Edition). Presbyterian Publishing Corp. ISBN 9053565035. 
• Cook, Stephen L. (2004). The Social Roots of Biblical Yahwism. Society of Biblical Literature. ISBN 9781589830981. 
• Darby, Erin (2014). Interpreting Judean Pillar Figurines: Gender and Empire in Judean Apotropaic Ritual. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 9783161524929. 
• Davies, Philip R.; Rogerson, John (2005). The Old Testament World. Westminster John Knox. ISBN 9780567084880. 
• Davies, Philip R. (2010). “Urban Religion and Rural Religion”. Trong Stavrakopoulou, Francesca; Barton, John. Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 9780567032164. 
• Day, John (2002). Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan. Continuum. ISBN 9780567537836. 
• Dever, William G. (4 tháng 11 năm 2019). “Religion and Cult in the Levant”. Trong Richard, Suzanne. Near Eastern Archaeology:A Reader. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-1-57506-083-5. 
• Dever, William G. (4 tháng 11 năm 2019). Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802844163. 
• Dever, William G. (2005). Did God Have A Wife?: Archaeology And Folk Religion In Ancient Israel. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-2852-1. 
• Dicou, Bert (1994). Edom, Israel's Brother and Antagonist: The Role of Edom in Biblical Prophecy and Story. A&C Black. ISBN 9781850754589. 
• Dijkstra, Meindert (2001). “El the God of Israel-Israel the People of YHWH: On the Origins of Ancient Israelite Yahwism”. Trong Becking, Bob; Dijkstra, Meindert; Korpel, Marjo C.A. và đồng nghiệp. Only One God?: Monotheism in Ancient Israel and the Veneration of the Goddess Asherah. A&C Black. ISBN 9781841271996. 
• Eakin, Frank E. Jr. The Religion and Culture of Israel (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1971), 70 and 263.
• Edelman, Diana V. (1995). “Tracking Observance of the Aniconic Tradition”. Trong Edelman, Diana Vikander. The Triumph of Elohim: From Yahwisms to Judaisms. Peeters Publishers. ISBN 9053565035. 
• Elior, Rachel (2006). “Early Forms of Jewish Mysticism”. Trong Katz, Steven T. The Cambridge History of Judaism: The Late Roman-Rabbinic Period. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521772488. 
• Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (2002). The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Sacred Texts. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780743223386. 
• Freedman, D.N.; O'Connor, M.P.; Ringgren, H. (1986). “YHWH”. Trong Botterweck, G.J.; Ringgren, H. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament 5. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802823298. 
• Frerichs, Ernest S. (1998). The Bible and Bibles in America. Scholars Press. ISBN 9781555400965. 
• Gnuse, Robert Karl (1997). No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel. Continuum. ISBN 9780567374158. 
• Gnuse, Robert (1999). “The Emergence of Monotheism in Ancient Israel: A Survey of Recent Scholarship”. Religion 29 (4): 315–36. doi:10.1006/reli.1999.0198. 
• Gorman, Frank H., Jr. (2000). “Feasts, Festivals”. Trong Freedman, David Noel; Myers, Allen C. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-1-57506-083-5. 
• Grabbe, Lester L. (2010). An Introduction to Second Temple Judaism. A&C Black. ISBN 9780567552488. 
• Grabbe, Lester (2010). “'Many nations will be joined to YHWH in that day': The question of YHWH outside Judah”. Trong Stavrakopoulou, Francesca; Barton, John. Religious diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-567-03216-4. 
• Grabbe, Lester (2007). Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?. A&C Black. ISBN 9780567032546. 
• Hackett, Jo Ann (2001). “'There Was No King In Israel': The Era of the Judges”. Trong Coogan, Michael David. The Oxford History of the Biblical World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513937-2. 
• Halpern, Baruch; Adams, Matthew J. (2009). From Gods to God: The Dynamics of Iron Age Cosmologies. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 9783161499029. 
• Handy, Lowell K. (1994). Among the Host of Heaven: The Syro-Palestinian Pantheon as Bureaucracy. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9780931464843. 
• Hess, Richard S. (2007). Israelite Religions: An Archaeological and Biblical Survey. Baker Academic. ISBN 9780801027178. 
• Hess, Richard S. (2012), “Yahweh's "Wife" and Belief in One God in the Old Testament”, trong Hoffmeier, James K.; Magary, Dennis R., Do Historical Matters Matter to Faith?: A Critical Appraisal of Modern and Postmodern Approaches to Scripture, Wheaton, Illinois: Crossway, tr. 459–476, ISBN 978-1-4335-2574-2 
• Hoffman, Joel (2004). In the Beginning: A Short History of the Hebrew Language. NYU Press. ISBN 9780814737064. 
• Humphries, W. Lee (1990). “God, Names of”. Trong Mills, Watson E.; Bullard, Roger Aubrey. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. ISBN 9780865543737. 
• Kaiser, Walter C., Jr. (2017). Exodus. Zondervan. ISBN 9780310531739. 
• Keel, Othmar (1997). The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575060149. 
• Leech, Kenneth (2002) [1985], Experiencing God: Theology as Spirituality, Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers, ISBN 978-1579106133 
• Lemche, Niels Peter (1998). The Israelites in History and Tradition. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664227272. 
• Levin, Christoph (2013). Re-Reading the Scriptures: Essays on the Literary History of the Old Testament. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 9783161522079. 
• Liverani, Mario (2014). Israel's History and the History of Israel. Routledge. ISBN 978-1317488934. 
• Mafico, Temba L.J. (1992). “The Divine Name Yahweh Alohim from an African Perspective”. Trong Segovia, Fernando F.; Tolbert, Mary Ann. Reading from this Place: Social Location and Biblical Interpretation in Global Perspective 2. Fortress Press. ISBN 9781451407884. 
• Mastin, B.A. (2005). “Yahweh's Asherah, Inclusive Monotheism and the Question of Dating”. Trong Day, John. In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel. Bloomsbury. ISBN 9780567245540. 
• McDonough, Sean M. (1999), YHWH at Patmos: Rev. 1:4 in Its Hellenistic and Early Jewish Setting, Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2. Reihe 107, Tübingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck, ISBN 3-16-147055-9, ISSN 0340-9570 
• McKenzie, John L. "Aspects of Old Testament Thought" in Raymond E. Brown, Joseph A. Fitzmyer, and Roland E. Murphy, eds., The New Jerome Biblical Commentary (New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1990), 1287, S.v. 77:17.
• Mettinger, Tryggve N.D. (2006). “A Conversation With My Critics: Cultic Image or Aniconism in the First Temple?”. Trong Amit, Yaira; Naʼaman, Nadav. Essays on Ancient Israel in Its Near Eastern Context. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9781575061283. 
• Meyers, Carol (2001). “Kinship and Kingship: The early Monarchy”. Trong Coogan, Michael David. The Oxford History of the Biblical World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513937-2. 
• MacDonald, Nathan (2007). “Aniconism in the Old Testament”. Trong Gordon, R.P. The God of Israel. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521873659. 
• Miller, Patrick D (2000). The Religion of Ancient Israel. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0-664-22145-4. 
• Miller, Patrick D (1986). A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 9780664212629. 
• Moore, Megan Bishop; Kelle, Brad E. (2011). Biblical History and Israel's Past: The Changing Study of the Bible and History. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802862600. 
• Nestor, Dermot Anthony, Cognitive Perspectives on Israelite Identity, Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010
• Niehr, Herbert (1995). “The Rise of YHWH in Judahite and Israelite Religion”. Trong Edelman, Diana Vikander. The Triumph of Elohim: From Yahwisms to Judaisms. Peeters Publishers. ISBN 9053565035. 
• Noll, K.L. (2001). Canaan and Israel in Antiquity: An Introduction. A&C Black. ISBN 9781841272580. 
• Parke-Taylor, G. H. (1975), Yahweh: The Divine Name in the Bible, Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, ISBN 0-88920-013-0 
• Petersen, Allan Rosengren (1998). The Royal God: Enthronement Festivals in Ancient Israel and Ugarit?. A&C Black. ISBN 9781850758648. 
• Romer, Thomas (2014). The Invention of Yahweh. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674915756. 
• Schniedewind, William M. (2013). A Social History of Hebrew: Its Origins Through the Rabbinic Period. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300176681. 
• Smith, Mark S. (2000). “El”. Trong Freedman, David Noel; Myer, Allen C. Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9789053565032. 
• Smith, Mark S. (2001). The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel's Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Texts. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195167689. 
• Smith, Mark S. (2002). The Early History of God: Yahweh and the Other Deities in Ancient Israel (ấn bản 2). Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802839725. 
• Smith, Mark S. (2003). “Astral Religion and the Divinity”. Trong Noegel, Scott; Walker, Joel. Prayer, Magic, and the Stars in the Ancient and Late Antique World. Penn State Press. ISBN 0271046007. 
• Smith, Mark S. (2010). God in Translation: Deities in Cross-Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802864338. 
• Smith, Morton (1984). “Jewish Religious Life in the Persian Period”. Trong Finkelstein, Louis. The Cambridge History of Judaism: Volume 1, Introduction: The Persian Period. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521218801. 
• Smith, Morton; Cohen, Shaye J.D. (4 tháng 11 năm 1996). Studies in the Cult of Yahweh: Volume One: Studies in Historical Method, Ancient Israel, Ancient Judaism. Leiden, The Netherlands, New York City, New York, and Cologne, Germany: E. J. Brill. ISBN 90-04-10477-1. 
• Smith, Morton; Cohen, Shaye J.D. (4 tháng 11 năm 1996). Studies in the Cult of Yahweh: Volume Two: New Testament, Christianity, and Magic. Leiden, The Netherlands, New York City, New York, and Cologne, Germany: E. J. Brill. tr. 242–56. ISBN 90-04-10479-8. 
• Sommer, Benjamin D. (2011). “God, names of”. Trong Berlin, Adele; Grossman, Maxine L. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199730049. 
• Van der Toorn, Karel (1995). “Ritual Resistance and Self-Assertion”. Trong Platvoet, Jan. G.; Van der Toorn, Karel. Pluralism and Identity: Studies in Ritual Behaviour. BRILL. ISBN 9004103732. 
• Van der Toorn, Karel (1999). “Yahweh”. Trong Van der Toorn, Karel; Becking, Bob; Van der Horst, Pieter Willem. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802824912. 
• Van der Toorn, Karel (1996). Family Religion in Babylonia, Ugarit and Israel: Continuity and Changes in the Forms of Religious Life. BRILL. ISBN 9004104100. 
• Vriezen, T. C.; van der Woude, Simon Adam (2005), Ancient Israelite And Early Jewish Literature, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, ISBN 90-04-12427-6 
• Wright, J. Edward (2002). The Early History of Heaven. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195348491. 
• Wyatt, Nicolas (2010). “Royal Religion in Ancient Judah”. Trong Stavrakopoulou, Francesca; Barton, John. Religious Diversity in Ancient Israel and Judah. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-567-03216-4.