Dipteryx alata

Dipteryx alata
Tình trạng bảo tồn
Sắp nguy cấp (IUCN 2.3)
Phân loại khoa học
Giới (regnum): Plantae (không phân hạng): Angiospermae (không phân hạng): Eudicots (không phân hạng): Rosids Bộ (ordo): Fabales Họ (familia): Fabaceae Chi (genus): Dipteryx Loài (species): D. alata
Danh pháp hai phần
Dipteryx alata Vogel
Danh pháp đồng nghĩa
Coumarouna alata (Vogel) Taub. Dipteryx pteropus Mart. Dipteryx pterota Benth.

Dipteryx alata (Baru) là một loài rau đậu thuộc họ Fabaceae. It là một large tree usually referred to as "Baruzeiro" (Baru tree) in Portuguese and its fruits or almond-like beans are known as Baru. Other names besides Baru are Cumaru and Cumbaru.

Nó chỉ được tìm thấy ở the Cerrado region of Brazil and is threatened by habitat loss. Historically it has been used as lumber, for charcoal production and for shadow in pastures. The fruits are used as bovine feed or as nourishment and are also an important food source for native animals species as small mammals, rodents, birds, bats, etc.

The tree can measure up to 25 m in height, 0.7 m in diameter and have a useful lifespan of 60 years. A tree will produce about 150 kg of fruit per harvest.

Its fruits, which are brown in color, are either collected off the floor or picked from the tree when they are almost ripe. A fruit usually weighs 25g of which 30% is pulp, 65% is ligneous endocarp and 5% is seed (bean/almond).

Fruits of Dipteryx alata.l

Out of the fruit, the pulp is sweet and can be consumed but is also used to manufacture jams and liquors; the beans (Baru almonds) are rich in flavor and are typically served after being roasted and salted or as a part of any number of dishes as bread, cakes, Pesto sauce and ice cream; additionally the oil extracted from the almonds may be used as a culinary ingredient or in many other varied forms. Baru is known to be rich in proteins, fibers, magnesium, potassium and iron and to have a high energetic content.

The uses for the Baru fruit can be summarized as ^{[cần dẫn nguồn]}:

Products and sub-products of Baru fruit and their uses

Part of the Fruit	Product/Sub-Product	Uses
Pulp	Pulp in natura	Human food
		Animal food
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
	Dehydrated Pulp	Human food
		Animal food
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
	Flour	Human food
	Alcohol/Liqueur	Human consumption
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
		Cosmetics
		Industrial
	Residues	Farming (organic fertilizer)
Almond	Raw almond	Human food
		Animal food
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
		Agricultural (seeding)
	Roasted Almond	Human Food
	Flour	Human Food
	Milk	Human Food
	Oil	Human food
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
		Cosmetics
		Industrial
	Cake	Human food
		Medicinal/Pharmaceutical
		Cosmetics
		Industrial
	Paste/Butter	Human food
Ligneous endocarp	Charcoal	Fuel
	Pyroligneous acid and tar	Industrial
	Ligneous Endocarp	Artisanry

Additionally ^{[cần dẫn nguồn]}:

Baru almond, nutrition facts

Per 100 g
Protein	23.9 g
Total fat	38.2 g
Saturated fat	7.18 g
Unsaturated fat	31.02 g
Total fiber	13.4 g
Carbohydrates	15.8 g
Calcium	140 mg
Potassium	827 mg
Phosphor	358 mg
Magnesium	178 mg
Copper	1.45 mg
Iron	4.24 mg
Manganese	4.9 mg
Zinc	4.1 mg
Calories	502

Nguồn

• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Dipteryx alata. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.blavla Truy cập ngày 10 tháng 7 2007.

Xem thêm

Portuguese Wikipedia article on Baru

Chemical composition of seeds and oil of baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) native from Pirenópolis, State of Goiás, Brazil