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Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia
Common systems for romanizing Ukrainian
Cyrillic British[a] BGN/PCGN 1965[b] ALA-LC[c] LC without diacritics modified LC[d] Ukrainian National German dictionary French dictionary Swedish Language Council
А а a a a a a a a a a
Б б b b b b b b b b b
В в v v v v v v w v v
Г г h h h h h h, gh[e] h h h
Ґ ґ g g g g g g g g g
Д д d d d d d d d d d
Е е e e e e e e e e e
Є є ye ye i͡e ie ie, ye- ie, ye-[f] je ie je
Ж ж zh zh z͡h zh zh zh sh j zj
З з z z z z z z s z z
И и ȳ y y y y y y y y
І і i i i i i i i i i
Ї ї yi yi ï ï i i, yi-[g] ji ï ji, (formerly) ï
Й й ĭ y ĭ i i, y- i, y-[f] j y j
К к k k k k k k k k k
Л л l l l l l l l l l
М м m m m m m m m m m
Н н n n n n n n n n n
О о o o o o o o o o o
П п p p p p p p p p p
Р р r r r r r r r r r
С с s s s s s s s, ss s r
Т т t t t t t t t t t
У у u u u u u u u ou u
Ф ф f f f f f f f f f
Х х kh kh kh kh kh kh ch kh ch
Ц ц ts ts t͡s ts ts ts z ts ts
Ч ч ch ch ch ch ch ch tsch tch tj
Ш ш sh sh sh sh sh sh sch ch sj
Щ щ shch shch shch shch shch shch schtsch chtch sjtj
Ь ь ʼ or ʹ ʼ ʹ ʹ
Ю ю yu yu i͡u iu iu, yu- iu, yu-[f] ju iou ju, iu[h], u[i]
Я я ya ya i͡a ia ia, ya ia, ya-[f] ja ia ja, ia[h], a[i]
ʼ ˮ or ʺ ˮ ʼ
Historical letters
Ъ ъ ˮ or ʺ
Ѣ ѣ i
  1. ^ British Standard: The character sequence тс = t-s, to distinguish it from ц = ts. Accents and diacritics may be omitted when back-transliteration is not required.
  2. ^ BGN/PCGN 1965: The character sequences зг = z·h, кг = k·h, сг = s·h, тс = t·s, and цг = ts·h may be romanized with midpoints to differentiate them from the digraphs ж = zh, х = kh, ш = sh, ц = ts, and the letter sequence тш = tsh. Superseded by the Ukrainian National system in 2020.
  3. ^ ALA-LC: When applied strictly, ALA-LC requires the use of the ligature (U+0361), but in practice these are often omitted.
  4. ^ Modified Library of Congress: used for personal and place names. Initial Є‑ (I͡E‑), Й‑ (Ĭ‑), Ю‑ (I͡U‑), and Я‑ (I͡A‑) are rendered as Ye‑, Y‑, Yu‑, and Ya‑. Surname endings ‑ий (‑yĭ) and ‑ій (‑iĭ) are simplified as ‑y. Familiar names may be anglicized, for example, Михайло (Mykhaĭlo) = Michael, Олександр (Oleksandr) = Alexander. Practices vary.
  5. ^ Ukrainian National system: gh is used in the romanization of зг = zgh, avoiding confusion with ж = zh.
  6. ^ a b c d Ukrainian National system: The second variant is used at the beginning of a word.
  7. ^ Yi is used at the beginning of words, i is used in other positions
  8. ^ a b Used after t, s and z to avoid confusion with tj, sj and zj
  9. ^ a b Used after tj, sj and zj to avoid double ⟨jj⟩.